RMTnews :: january 2007 :: www.rmt.org.uk 24 M oroccan-flagged chemical tanker Al Farabi has been accused of trailing a 12-mile oil slick within France’s 200-mile Exclusive Economic Zone in September. Its owner has paid a £172,000 bond and the captain is summoned for trial next April. A court also fined the owner and master of the Maltese-flagged freighter Fast Independence £345,000 recently for illegally discharging oil sludge after a French navy patrol aircraft spotted it last May trailing miles of discoloured water. Since a 2002 law granting the Brest, Le Havre and Marseilles courts competency based on the International Maritime Organisation’s Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) provisions, the court has dealt with 37 cases of illicit maritime pollution. Most offences occur within the Brest court’s jurisdiction between Mont St Michel in Brittany and Bayonne near the Spanish border. The main offenders are Flags of Convenience: Panama (five cases), Malta (four) and the Bahamas (three). Cyprus, Saint Vincent and Grenadines and the Isle of Man each have two cases. But ships registered in Italy (four cases), Greece (three) and France (two) also offend. The maximum prison sentence on French - but not foreign - masters rose from four to 10 years. The largest fine so far - £550,000 – was imposed last April on the owner and the master of the Maersk Barcelona container carrier, caught in trailing a 50 mile slick. Shipping unions and other maritime organisations are concerned at the increasing criminalisation of seafarers in accidental pollution cases. In response to an EU draft directive introducing criminal liability, they have demanded that seafarers not be criminalised in compliance with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and MARPOL. There is a growing trend for a ship’s flag state to try cases under UNCLOS - the Montego Bay Convention – under which a ship’s flag state has the right to try masters and owners accused of pollution, no matter where the offence is committed. A row has erupted with Malta claiming precedence over France to try the Fast Independence case. The Brest court questioned why Malta did not invoke Montego Bay in previous pollution cases in French waters. Brest court chief prosecutor Xavier Tarabeux says that the higher fines are having an effect with the number of detentions falling. The Al Farabi incident is the first for 12 months. But it is suspected that, to avoid detection, some pollution may be taking place at night or at the limit of France’s Exclusive Economic Zone. FRENCH PROSECUTE MARITIME POLLUTERS INTERNATIONAL FOCUS